Wednesday, January 29, 2020
Modern culture Essay Example for Free
Modern culture Essay As has lately been pointed out (Hesmondhalgh, 2002; Negus, 2002) this term has been used with some quite differing meanings or at least deviating from Bourdieus original intentions (Bourdieu, 1986). If they can be seen as active and cognizant agents of social and cultural change change in the supposed interests of themselves and the class fraction to which they go, as Bourdieu would have it then they have been recognized with cultural critics (Bourdieu, 1986; Hesmondhalgh, 2002); those promoting a new lifestyle (OConnor and Wynne, 1998); and those who choose which products go forward during the cultural production chain. It has also been used to portray those who make things happen, putting artists, money and audiences together in a means that creates new cultural possibilities. This might comprise Diaghilev, or Brian Epstein, or Charles Saatchi. At a more ordinary level it can be used to portray those who are able to translate between the language of policy makers and that of the cultural producers. As with the A+R men (music industry talent scouts: Artists and Repertoire) in Negus description these intermediaries work to bond one level of discourse to another to symbolize the interests of cultural producers within the framework of wider policy development, and speak this language back to those producers. By the time Tony Blairs New Labour came to power in 1997 in the U. K. the cultural industries had a well-built policy presence it was here that consultants and policy makers had interpreted academic literature and practical illustrations into coherent policy possibilities. The narrative context for this was boosted by New Labor’s legitimizing of the cultural industries and the term creative acceptable an argument about a benign combination of culture and economics to be placed at the level of personal potential and aspiration. Those in the sector could now distinguish themselves and others as creatives (Caves, 2000; Florida, 2002). At the same time the cultural industries also became a U. K. policy export, with consultants and now academics being asked by many European cities to advice on culture as a motor of economic development. Though, the interaction of these policy intermediaries with extremely different contexts destined that the work of definition had to be done over, and as such the narratives spelled out more evidently. Often this was not easy as the cultural (and by now creative) industry discourse was linked with Blairs Third Way, or with some Anglo-U. S. assault on a European cultural policy consent. Certainly it was quite clear that a shift in discourse would challenge recognized policy consensus. The terminology itself brought fresh problems; whereas the U. K. can use industry almost interchangeably with economic sector, elsewhere it evokes factory production (OConnor, 2000b). Cultural enterprise or cultural business frequently had to supplement the main term. In fact cultural industries became greatly an imported neologism, given in the English original and then explained (OConnor, 1999a). How the term and the arguments are used and reconfigured depends on the local context. But if it was usually seen as an argument concerning a new relationship between culture and economics, how this relationship was understood could be extremely different, as could too the outcomes envisioned and the groups who picked up the ideas. Policy makers used it to drive diverse agendas job creation, urban regeneration, the commercialization of subsidized culture, emerging new media industries, creating employment, retaining talent, etc. But cultural producers also reacted in different ways some seeing it as a new set of opportunities, others as the thin end of a precarious wedge. â€Å"The perceptions that the creative industries are open to talent, and are indeed dependent on diverse talent, have also been somewhat optimistic†. It must be clear then that in working to construct a new policy object, and in efforting to shift discourses around culture towards economics with the provision that economics too is moving towards culture, the cultural industries discourse rallies a narrative to strengthen its policy goals. These narratives become more obvious when the discourse enters a new framework it has to justify itself and make its arguments obvious not simply as technical policy tools but as concerned with the primary direction and meaning of modern culture.
Tuesday, January 21, 2020
New Deal Outline Essay -- essays research papers
The New Deal I. FDR and the First New Deal      A. FDR Takes the Helm           1. Roosevelt was generally popular and got good grades           2. Marriage to Eleanor                i. distant cousins                ii. March 17, 1905 they were married           3. An Emerging Politician                i. democrat                ii. 1921 polio left him paralyzed                iii. treatment gave him partial use of his legs                iv. spoke publicly in 1924 since the attack           4. The Roosevelt Victory                i. Roosevelt proposed a solid and straightforward plan of action to                     end depression                ii. was open to all ideas (ex. Employed Republicans)                iii. The Hundred Days      B. The Hundred Days           1. Moratorium – temporary shutdown of operations           2. Stemming the Bank Crisis                i. William Woodin appointed to resolve bank crisis                ii. FDR reassured the people their money is safer with new banks           3. A New Deal   &... ... reservations and could decide                how their lands would be used and managed      D. An Expanded Government Role           1. 14% of all families obtained aid or relief from the federal government           2. Federal Regulation – the expansion of the federal government into                almost all aspects of people’s lives           3. The government programs of the New Deal neither eliminated                     individual poverty nor ended the Depression CT #4 4. Assumptions could have easily included the stereotype of a minority or a culture facing extinction. Native American cultures were generally neglected but when people overanalyze acts that were instated to help the Native American culture, stereotypes and rumors could be concocted.
Monday, January 13, 2020
Societys Perception About Weight
The topic of weight is very prevalent among people in today's society. Everywhere we look we find people of all sorts of different weights and appearances. Tall, small, thin, wide, fat and skinny are just a variety of the words we use to describe people. Almost no one is completely happy with their weight. We are constantly looking for ways to better ourselves and improve our physical appearance. It is this paper's purpose to provide information in helping a person feel comfortable with their weight and aid in determining an ideal body weight for you. Topics also include: society's view on weight, the dangers of various weight-related disorders and diseases, and methods of achieving a recommended healthy weight. The goal is that once you have the proper information you will be able to achieve this ideal weight safely and on your own, giving you an ultimate sense of satisfaction. The question that is constantly being asked is just what is the ideal healthy weight? The ideal body weight is different for every individual as healthy ideal weight depends on a person's sex, race, and genetics. To quickly simplify and determine an individual's ideal weight we use a simple chart called the Body Mass Index or BMI for short. This chart determines how much a person should weigh. People can calculate their BMI by dividing their weight in pounds by their height in inches squared and multiplying the resulting number by 704. 5 (Woods 98). A person who weighs 164 pounds and is 68 inches would do the following calculation: 164/4624 x 704. 5 = 25 BMI. A BMI between 18. 5-24. 9 is normal and is called the safe zone (Woods 98). The people in this recommended safe zone are considered to be in the best health. A BMI less than 18. 5 usually means that a person is underweight (Woods 98). Studies indicate that the underweight have an increased risk of death compared to those of normal weight. A BMI of over 30 means obesity, and obese people take a lot of health risks (Woods 98). People with obesity have an increased risk of: high blood pressure, heart attacks, stroke, the most common form of diabetes, gallbladder disease, arthritis, respiratory problems, and certain types of cancer. As long as you fall into or close to the recommended safe zone you should feel comfortable and happy with your weight the way it is. This paper will now discuss the dangers that society's infatuation with weight can have on a person. It will also provide methods on how a person can change to find a comfortable and healthy weight. Eating disorders are a common and very realistic part of our society. They are seen as the most dangerous health related risks involving weight. Dieting, binge-eating and food obsessions are prevalent among all weight groups. Many people strive to be lighter than their natural weights and exercise excessively and eat sparingly to attain an often-unrealistic weight goal. Societal pressures share blame for producing eating disorders. Some victims of eating disorders feel that others are pressuring them to be thin, making them feel guilty about what they eat (Washington 99). They become isolated from family and friends and turn to food as a release and source of comfort (Washington 99). People with eating disorders excessively exercise and are known to induce vomiting after eating or drinking (Washington 99). Eating disorders target many people in society. The main target group is females, especially in the traditionally masculine cultures. Society places a great deal of emphasis on the physical appearance of a person's body and this alone is enough to drive someone into an eating disorder. An example is the supermodel with the skin and bones look whom you see on television. With this in mind many women might look at their weight and find themselves socially unacceptable. The result can be an eating disorder. Another target group is athletes. For example, in the sport of gymnastics there is pressure on the female athlete to maintain a low weight and petite slim figure. Since gymnastics is judged on how an athlete looks in competition many gymnasts develop an eating disorder as a result of the importance of body image to the sport. Another example of the occurrence of eating disorders is in boxing and wrestling. Sometimes there is pressure on the athlete to have a rapid weight loss in order to compete in a lower weight class where he or she might have a better chance of winning. There are two main eating disorders that effect many people in society. They are anorexia and bulimia. Anorexia is a deliberate and obsessive starvation in the pursuit of thinness. It is characterized by an intense fear of gaining weight or becoming obese, or the disturbance in the way one's bodyweight size and shape is perceived by another individual (Clark 96). Bulimia is described as recurrent episodes of binge eating and a lack of control over one's eating behaviour resulting in purging (Clark 96). Purging can be achieved by using laxatives and/or vomiting. Many of the symptoms of eating disorders are similar; however, each disorder is somewhat different. If someone is anorexic, symptoms might be: an extremely thin person, isolation, loneliness, obsessive preoccupation with food as regards: obtaining it, cooking, and eating, and compulsive exercise (Washington 99). If someone is bulimic, you might expect to see: the use of food as a comforter, laxative abuse, mood swings, constant concern about body image and weight, quick trips to the bathroom after meals, excessive exercise, some isolation, and low self-esteem (Washington 99). Both forms of eating disorders are dangerous to your health and can cause major problems, both now and in the future. Some immediate physical problems include constantly feeling cold, bloodshot eyes with dark circles, finger calluses, dizziness, weakness, moodiness, insomnia, swollen glands, sore throat, or dry skin (Washington 99). Some of the long-term effects include gastrointestinal pain, diarrhea and/or constipation, malnutrition, heart attack, permanent damage to internal organs, kidney failure, and death (Washington 99). Family and friends of people affected should be aware of the symptoms and risks associated with disordered eating patterns. It is imperative to avoid becoming a victim to an eating disorder. You will only end up hurting yourself and loved ones around you. Now that the dangers of weight have been discussed an effective method of weight gain and loss will be presented. This information will help you reach a desired ideal weight so you can be happy and take pride in yourself. The topic of weight management is prevalent in today's society and is discussed from two different perspectives. People might think that they are too small or weak and in this case they will want to put on more weight. On the other hand, others might think that they are too big. In this case they will try to reduce their weight. Requirements of caloric intake differ for everyone. These requirements are determined by age, sex, weight and activity level. The simple definition of weight is the balance between caloric intake and caloric expenditure (Berning 96). Your body weight will change when there is a difference between calories taken in and calories burned up. Taking this into account, for the average person to lose weight the caloric intake must be less than caloric expenditure. Put simply, to lose weight you must eat less, exercise more, or a combination of both. For the average person to lose one pound they would have to run about 35 miles or eat 3,500 fewer calories (Berning 96). This is impossible to do in one day. To put this into perspective the following formula is given: 3,500 calories 7 days per week = 500 calories per day. It can than be said that eating 500 calories less per day will result in a weight loss of one pound per week. The same can be said by combining 250 calories less per day and burning 250 calories in exercise. Weight loss is most successful when diet and exercise are combined. The safe weight loss recommendation for the average person is no more than 1-2 pounds per week (Berning 96). By using this method of losing weight a person will decrease their chance of health problems and achieve their ideal weight. This method of weight loss will leave you with a sense of satisfaction and pride in reaching your ideal weight. The same basic theory applies for weight gain. In order to gain weight you need to consume more calories than you expend (Berning 96). Family history plays a major role in the development of a body. For example, people from thin families are less likely to transform their bodies into bulky muscular ones. A person can increase his chance of gaining weight with improved nutrition and appropriate weight training. Muscle is gained through intense training and the consumption of additional calories. For each pound gained as muscle you would need to consume 500-1000 additional calories each day (Berning 96). The key to weight gain is consistency and with a little hard work the average person should be able to get to his/her desired ideal weight. By combining a high calorie diet and a rigid exercise program you will find that your body will produce weight in the form of muscle, making you healthy and giving you your desired physical body image. We all must act together and make it our priority to help change society's perception of body images. This can protect everyone by making others feel comfortable with their weight and prevent them from developing eating disorders. Education is essential. By studying our ideal weight in the BMI chart and keeping an eye on the amount of calories in our diet we can stay healthy and feel good about ourselves. This process is aided through complete reinforcement and support from our family and friends. It doesn't stop there as we all must refrain from prejudicial treatment of fat or thin people and see beyond their weight. It is only then that we can feel comfortable with our weight and develop satisfaction in knowing that we have obtained an ideal healthy lifestyle for ourselves.
Sunday, January 5, 2020
The Influence Of The Underworld - 1639 Words
April Sigrest Professor Lenoir English 102 23 October 2017 The Influence of the Underworld In Yuri Herrera’s Signs Preceding the End of the World, a number of the ideas discussed contribute to the themes Herrera is trying to communicate; one of those ideas is the underworld. Throughout the novel, several underworlds are described, such as the physical underworld mentioned in the beginning when a sinkhole opens up in a city and brings destruction, but a main underworld that we do not often consider is the criminal underworld. Featuring what Herrera labels as the â€Å"top dogs,†the criminal underworld described in Signs Preceding the End of the World showcases all of the bad things that happen or, put simply, where crimes occur (Herrera 12).†¦show more content†¦Each one exhibits qualities that can be seen as conniving, and we find that two of them really are. With both of them, we also find that their actions were truly intentional all along. With Mr. Aitch, there was no land for Makina’s brother, and with Mr. Q, he never intended on having Makina come back to Mexico; he planned for her to stay in the United States, giving her everything necessary to stay there. These two characters are accurate representations of influences in the criminal underworld. They both impact Makina and Makina’s brother to the point where they both find themselves residing in a different country, even though they both had intentions on returning back to Mexico. In fact, one of the first mentions of Makina’s brother describes how he was determined to return. We do not see much of Makina’s brother too early in the story, but we do get a little background information on him. With this background information, it becomes clear to the audience how easy it is to have our minds changed by the criminal underworld. Herrera describes that because Makina’s brother learned of a possible land that his family owned, he gathered up a few things, insisting â€Å"someone’s got to fight for what’s [their own]†(Herrera 29). We find out with this information that one of the top dogs, Mr. Aitch, was the reason Makina’s brother ventured to America. Had it been a reminder they had land in America, the promise might not have influenced Makina’s brotherShow MoreRelatedComparing The Iliad And The Odyssey905 Words  | 4 Pagesresponds to Chryses’ appeal to strike the Greek armies with plague. In conclusion, five traditional epic characteristics that are evident in both the Iliad and the Odyssey have been identified in the paragraphs above. 2. Scholars claim Homeric influence present in Vergil’s Aeneid. This short essay will cover five instances that justify this claim. 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